Phenotypic characterization of Indonesian Jambi buffalo in the highland and lowland areas using multivariate analysis

Panca Andes Hendrawan; Sony Hartono Wijaya; Cece Sumantri; Jakaria Jakaria

doi:10.14334/jitv.v30i2.3515

Phenotypic characterization of Indonesian Jambi buffalo in the highland and lowland areas using multivariate analysis

Panca Andes Hendrawan, Sony Hartono Wijaya, Cece Sumantri, Jakaria Jakaria

DOI

https://doi.org/10.14334/jitv.v30i2.3515

Abstract

Jambi buffaloes are extensively reared under a closed rearing system by smallholder farmers. This study aimed to analyze the phenotypic characteristics of buffaloes in Jambi Province, Indonesia, in the highlands and lowlands. A total of 160 buffaloes were used in this study, 53 heads (highland) and 107 heads (lowland). Descriptive analysis was used for qualitative data and analysis of variance, Duncan's Multiple Range Test, Pearson correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), discriminant analysis, and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) for quantitative data. The results showed a diversity of qualitative traits in both populations. Body morphometrics of highland buffaloes were significantly (p<0.05) greater than those of lowland buffaloes. Pearson correlation between body morphometrics and morphometric index showed correlation from low, medium to high. Highland buffaloes showed three principal components (PCs) based on body morphometrics, while lowland buffaloes showed two PCs. In both populations, the morphometric index determines four principal components. The discriminant analysis showed that about 48.09% of highland buffaloes and 51.92% of lowland buffaloes were characterized based on body morphometrics. Meanwhile, about 57.69% of highland buffaloes and 42.31% of lowland buffaloes were characterized based on morphometric indices. Based on hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), Jambi buffalo can be classified into three clusters: The first cluster was Merangin; Kerinci was in the second cluster, and Tanjung Jabung Barat, Tebo, and Batanghari were in the third cluster.

Keywords

Buffalo; Body morphometric; Multivariate analysis; Phenotypic

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